USANA Nutritionals

2008/2/13

Glitches in the Glycemic Index

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@ 10:47 AM (4 months, 22 days ago)
Imagine a categorizing system in which numbers are assigned to foods, allowing you to choose the foods that curb appetite, help shed excess pounds, lower your risk for diabetes, and improve heart health. These in fact are the claims of popular diets that use the Glycemic Index—GI diet, for short. 
 
The Glycemic Index ranks carbohydrate-containing foods (on a scale from 0 to 100) based on their effects on blood sugar levels in the body. Eating highly processed foods, such as bread made from refined white flour, raises blood sugar higher and faster than does eating whole foods, such as whole-wheat bread or an apple. Foods—like white bread—that cause the most rapid rise in blood sugar are given a higher number, while whole-wheat breads and apples have lower ratings. A rating of 55 or below is considered low, and 70 or above is considered high. 
 
Additional information and values for the GI diet can be found at: www.GlycemicIndex.com, and www.Mendosa.comThe Glycemic Indexes of a few foods are listed here:  
 
Food Item
GI
Peanuts
14
Grapefruit
25
Pizza
30
Oranges
48
Potato Chips
54
Snickers Bar
55
White Rice
64
White Bread
70
Popcorn
72
Baked Potato
85
 
 
The Premise
Proponents of the GI diet believe that the lower the GI number of a carbohydrate food, the better.   High GI foods are digested and metabolized more quickly, causing a rapid rise in blood glucose levels. This creates a dramatic spike in levels of the hormone insulin, which works to remove sugar from the blood. These responses can lead to an overproduction of insulin, contributing to weight gain. Therefore, carbohydrate foods with low Glycemic Indexes cause less insulin secretion and slow the clearing of glucose from the blood stream—resulting in greater satiety, and fewer calories consumed throughout the day. 
 
The Spark Response
Using the Glycemic Index for meal planning is a very complicated process. Here are some of the limitations:
 
  • Only about 5% foods in the national food database have been tested.
  • There is usually a wide variation in the GI measurement. A potato can be as low as 56 or as high as 100. In fact, a food’s GI score can change based on the food’s ripeness level. 
  • A food’s GI score can also change based on preparation techniques. Grinding and cooking can elevate the GI score of some foods, because they become quicker and easier to digest.
  • GI testing is done on individual foods, but we consume most foods in combinations. Fiber, protein, and fat will usually reduce the Glycemic Index of a meal.
  • The rate at which different people digest carbohydrates varies. And each person’s glycemic response may vary throughout the day.
  • When certain high glycemic foods are eliminated from the diet, so are vital vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals. Watermelon has a GI of 72 but it is high in potassium, vitamin A, and lycopene, for example.
  • Relying on the Glycemic Index can still lead to overeating and weight gain. Peanuts look like the perfect choice with a GI of 14, but with about 400 calories in ½ cup, they won’t help shed pounds when eaten in excess.
The Glycemic Index is a marvelous tool for ranking carbohydrates. However, it is currently only in its infancy regarding health benefits. More research is necessary to make it a truly valid, reliable, and applicable teaching tool. The simple facts still remain:

  • 20% of Americans’ calories come from high carbohydrate foods, such as cakes, cookies, pies, pastries, ice cream, sugar, candy, soda pop, and chips. 
  • Fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole grain products (whole-wheat breads and pastas, brown rice, and wheat germ) are nutritionally superior to highly processed, refined products.
  • Simply limiting the total number of carbohydrates you consume at a meal can more easily control your blood sugar levels.
  • You probably don’t need a complicated rating system to confuse you about which carbohydrates to include in your diet.

 

USANA Nutrition

2008/2/12

THE "AVERAGE DIET" THEORY

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@ 10:08 AM (4 months, 23 days ago)

THE "AVERAGE DIET" THEORY

It would be nice to offer a solution to the problem of good nutrition by drawing up diets that would be right for everyone. Unfortunately, this is not as easy as it sounds, for several reasons.

First, foods mat are commonly found in one area of the country or in the diet of one ethnic or economic group may be uncommon in another. People's eating habits also vary widely, even within ethnic groups and regions of the country.

Second, a diet evaluation must include only food that is actually eaten. If considerations are based only on what is bought or prepared, the resulting nutritional picture will be distorted.

Third, the way you prepare and cook raw and processed foods at home may affect their vitamin content. For example, paring certain vegetables before cooking often results in the loss of most of their water-soluble vitamins. Baking and other cooking methods can also lead to vitamin loss.

When estimating the vitamin losses from your food during preparation, remember that it is unreasonable to expect that the preparation conditions of test foods will be identical to those being prepared in your home. Therefore, individual diets can be evaluated only by analyzing the final food product.

Fourth, your dietary or body level of one vitamin or mineral may influence your requirement for another. For example, many of the water-soluble vitamins' functions are interrelated because they all participate in the series of chemical reactions known as the Krebs cycle, which is involved in energy generation. Thus, a deficiency in one vitamin may affect the ability of the other vitamins to function. The nutrients that are interrelated in this way are niacin, thiamin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, biotin, pantothenic acid, choline, and cyanocobalamin.

Vitamin needs can also be related to the nature of your dietary intake. More thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and other water-soluble vitamin requirements are needed in a high-carbohydrate diet. In contrast, a high-protein diet calls for increased pyridoxine and has an effect on the amount of riboflavin the body stores. Zinc seems to play a role in the action of vitamin A, so that vitamin A deficiencies can be more easily corrected if there is a sufficient amount of zinc in the diet And vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a factor in the efficient absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract. Thus it is possible that you are taking enough iron but don't have enough ascorbic acid in the diet to get the full value of that iron. Usually, however, the situation is reversed, with more than enough C and too little iron in the diet.

Fifth, it is difficult and time consuming to translate information from nutrition value tables to our daily diet. For example, to determine the vitamin content of a simple ham sandwich on white bread, we must find the listing for "Ham: piece, approx. 4 1/8 in. long, 2 1/4 in. wide, 1/4 in. thick; wt 1 1/2 oz." Assuming that three such slices are used in our sandwich, we can determine that, from the ham alone, we will gain no vitamin A, 7.2 mg of niacin, 0.37 mg of riboflavin, 0.81 mg of thiamin, and no vita¬min C. Similar steps must be followed for every part of the sandwich, and then for total food intake.

Interestingly, the technology explosion has led to the introduction of a number of programs and services that will analyze your diet for vitamin and mineral content—as well as for fat, cholesterol, sodium, and other nutritive components—using a computerized listing of the information contained in the United Stales Department of Agriculture (USDA) tables on the nutritive value of American foods.

These computer programs can help you find an optimal diet by pointing out where your diet is lacking and making suggestions as to how to improve your eating patterns.

THE DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS

Over the years, nutrition and food researchers have developed a set of standard recommendations for the kinds of foods we should eat to maintain a healthy nutritional state.The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are the official policy of the United States Department of Agriculture and are updated every five years. The guidelines describe food choices that will help you meet the RDA/DRIs. They also intersect with the nutrition labeling that now appears on all packaged food products.

Here are the basic recommendations contained in the latest edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans:

Eat a variety of foods. No one food can supply all of the vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients your body needs. By varying the foods you eat, you have the greatest chance of obtaining the full range of nutrients. The Food Guide Pyramid offers information on the number of servings and amounts of various foods that are most healthful to consume.

Balance the food you eat with physical activity and maintain or improve your weight. Being overweight dramatically increases the risk for many diseases, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, and breathing disorders. Since many adults have a tendency to gain weight with age, this guideline encourages weight maintanance or loss as a goal of good health.

Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits. These foods are the basis of a varied and healthy diet. They contain vitamins, minerals, complex carbohydrates, and other compounds that are healthful, and they are usually low in fat.

Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Although some dietary fat is needed to ensure good health, most Americans consume way too much fat and cholesterol. Such high-fat diets raise the risk of obesity, heart disease, and cancer.
 
Choose a diet moderate in sugars. As with fat, Americans tend to go overboard with sugar, which is high in calories.

Choose a diet moderate in sodium. Sodium has been associaed with high blood pressure. Sodium and sodium chloride (salt) are found in large amounts in processed and prepared foods.

If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation. Alcohol is high in calories and typically devoid of nutrients and can cause a number of illnesses if consumed to excess. Moderation is defined as no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks a day for men.

USANA Nutrition

2008/2/11

USANA NUTRIENTS - MINERALS

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@ 10:11 AM (4 months, 24 days ago)

Unlike vitamin research, serious study of the roles of the various minerals in the human body has been carried out mostly during the last two decades. Some minerals have been extensively studied, but many others are not well understood. Minerals such as chromium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, and zinc are now the subject of research projects all over the world. We believe that the next few decades will shed a vast amount of light not only on how these minerals function but also on how they can be used as possible therapeutic agents.

What Is a Mineral?

Minerals are basic elements that have then origin in the earth and, unlike vitamins, cannot be made by living systems. Those that have been found to be essential to body function are calcium,phosphorous, magnesium, iodine, iron, and zinc. Very small amounts of the important trace minerals copper, chromium, fluoride, manganese, molybdenum, and selenium are also needed by your body. Little scientific information is known about the other trace elements—arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, silicon, tin, and vanadium. The best guess is that they are required in very small amounts and that even the most nutritionally inadequate diet contains sufficient quantities.

As in the case of vitamins, we get most of our minerals from plants and from animal products that contain minerals as a result of the animal's consumption of mineral-rich plant life. However, whereas the vitamin content of a plant is stable, the mineral content is not. In fact, the amount of any particular mineral in a plant varies dramatically from region to region because of variations in the mineral content of the soil. For instance, iodine is found in much higher concentrations in seaside soils man in those inland. Accordingly, dietary sources of iodine that originate in the sea or areas near the sea are much higher in iodine than those that do not. Plant sources of the mineral usually provide about one-twentieth as much iodine as animal sources that have originated in the sea, such as shrimp, crab, halibut, perch, and other seafoods. Plants from the sea such as kelp and seaweed provide more than forty thousand times as much iodine per ounce as plants grown inland.

How Minerals Work


In the body, minerals work through a variety of mechanisms. One of the most important roles involves building basic body structure: Calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, and fluoride, for example, are major elements in forming bones and teeth. Some minerals are involved with enzyme activity, or they may combine with other chemicals to perform functions that are essential to life. Iron, for example, is a basic component of hemoglobin, the chemical contained in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout our bodies. Copper plays a role in the process of building red blood cells and is also found in several different body enzymes, and chromium is involved in the metabolism of glucose. 

Unlike vitamins, minerals are neither manufactured nor broken down within the body because they are basic elements. Minerals must combine with vitamins, enzymes, or other body substances to produce their effects. These combinations can be broken down, used up, or eliminated from the body, and therefore must be recycled or remade.

Many minerals can cause definite adverse effects if you take too much of them, in contrast to vitamins, which are not as often associated with severe adverse effects. This potential for toxicity has been a natural barrier to die inappropriate use of minerals in the same way as vitamins have been misused.

Since mere is so much we don't know about the specific functions of minerals in the body, there is considerable speculation as to their possible roles. Some people have even promoted minerals as a tool for life extension and a treatment for disease, but although every possibility must be examined, we believe mat it is premature to conclude mat any of these claims is valid.

Electrolytes are minerals that serve very specific functions. The most important of these is related to the maintenance of the balance of water within the body. Electrolytes regulate the Bow of water across cell membranes by osmosis, a process wherein water shifts from areas of high electrolyte concentration to areas of low concentration in a natural effort to establish a balance. When electrolytes move, water moves with them! Electrolytes also have a rote in certain enzyme and chemical reactions and are responsible for transmission of electric impulses across cell membranes.

USANA Nutritional

2008/2/10

USANA Nutrients - What is Phylloquinone (Vitamin K)?

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@ 08:21 AM (4 months, 25 days ago)
Vitamin K (koagulation vitamin) is an essential nutrient required for the normal biosynthesis and activation of several key proteins. There are three forms of this vitamin. Vitamin K1, also known as phylloquinone or phytonadione, is found in green plants and is the form included in dietary supplements. Vitamin K2, also called menaquinone, is produced by bacteria, including some found in the human intestinal tract. Vitamin K3 or menadione, a synthetic derivative, is used as a source of vitamin K in animal feeds.
 
Vitamin K is an essential cofactor for enzymatic activity. It assists in the enzymatic carboxylation of glutamic acid, an amino acid found in most proteins. This carboxylation occurs after the amino acid has been incorporated into the protein chain. The added carboxyl (-COOH) groups provide a site at which calcium can bind to the protein. Through the above activity, vitamin K is involved in converting an inactive precursor of prothrombin (blood coagulation factor II) into biologically active prothrombin.
 
Vitamin K is similarly involved in the synthesis of at least five other proteins involved in the regulation of blood clotting. In all cases, it is thought that vitamin K assists in activating the proteins through establishment of calcium binding sites. Other vitamin-K-dependent proteins whose function depends on calcium binding have been identified in bone, kidney, and vascular tissues. In bone, these proteins appear to be involved in bone crystal formation and bone remodeling. As a result, the potential role of vitamin K in osteoporosis has received increasing attention.
 
Food sources of vitamin K include primarily green vegetables, including spinach, broccoli, brussels sprouts, kale, and turnip greens.
 
There is no known toxicity associated with the administration of high doses of phylloquinone, a natural form of the vitamin.

USANA VITAMINS

USANA Nutrients - What is d-Alpha Tocopheryl Succinate (Vitamin E)?

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@ 08:18 AM (4 months, 25 days ago)
Vitamin E, unlike other vitamins, is not a cofactor in the function of specific enzyme systems. Rather, it is a potent antioxidant that protects cells and tissues from oxidative damage induced by a wide variety of free radical species. D-alpha tocopherol is one of eight natural forms of Vitamin E, and is the form shown to have the greatest nutritional and biological value, in part because the body preferentially retains it.
 
Gamma tocopherol, the principal form of Vitamin E in the U.S. diet, is also an effective antioxidant that compliments the activity of alpha tocopherol. The gamma form, however, is removed from circulation and excreted by the body relatively quickly.
 
The antioxidant activity of Vitamin E is wide-ranging. Because it is a fat-soluble vitamin, its protective effects involve the inhibition of lipid (fat) oxidation in the gut, blood stream, tissues, and cells. Specific activities include suppression of free radical formation, suppression of oxidative chain reactions, and repair of damaged cell constituents, particularly cell membranes.
 
These actions result in protection against several important degenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, certain cancers, and - most notably - heart disease. An important study involving 2,000 patients with heart disease found that Vitamin E supplements reduced heart attacks by 75%. Two Harvard studies involving a total of ~135,000 health professionals found that those who took daily supplements of Vitamin E had one-fourth to one-third less coronary risk than those who did not take the supplements. In a recent study, Vitamin E supplementation was further shown to boost immune function, particularly in the elderly.
 
In conclusion, sound clinical evidence supports the value of Vitamin E supplementation.
 
Food sources of vitamin E include vegetable oils and products made from these oils, wheat germ, nuts, and other grains. The RDA for vitamin E in adults ranges from 15-19 mg/day, while the average dietary intake of vitamin E among adults is less than 10 mg per day. Reported therapeutic benefits of vitamin E intake generally require supplementation of 200-800 mg per day.
 
Vitamin E is relatively non-toxic when taken orally. However, in people deficient in vitamin K or participating in coumadin therapy, levels higher than 1,000 mg per day may potentially increase bleeding time.
 

USANA VITAMINS

2008/2/9

USANA Technical Bulletin - Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)

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@ 08:44 AM (4 months, 26 days ago)

 

Technical Background

  • Vitamin D is a fat-soluble nutrient that plays a central role in bone growth and health.1 It can be acquired either through the diet or through exposure to sunlight, when ultraviolet light reacts with a form of cholesterol and converts it to vitamin D. Cholecalciferol is the form of vitamin D normally found in humans and the form typically found in nutritional supplements.
  • A unique property of vitamin D is that it functions very much like a hormone. Its target tissues in the human body include the kidneys, intestines, and bones, where it acts to regulate calcium and phosphorus homeostasis.
  • In the intestines, vitamin D plays an important role in the absorption of calcium. In bone tissue, vitamin D plays a role in regulating calcium deposition (bone mineralization) and mobilization.
  • Given the above functions, vitamin D is essential for normal bone development, particularly in children. Without it, bones do not calcify properly, leading to the condition known as “rickets”. Vitamin D also plays an important role in tooth development. It is necessary for proper tooth eruption, growth, and ultimate strength.
  • Research is currently being done to examine the role of vitamin D and its analogues in inhibiting prostate cancer2 and breast cancer.3 Recently, a research team reviewed 63 studies on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer. In addition to prostate and breast cancer, the majority of studies found a relationship between vitamin D status and lower risk of colon and ovarian cancers as well.4 In another recent study, women taking a calcium and vitamin D supplement had a 60 percent lower incidence of all cancers than women not taking the supplement.
  • Vitamin D intake is especially important for women. In addition to its possible role in breast cancer and osteoporosis prevention,6 recent studies have found that vitamin D and calcium supplementation in pre-menopausal women may also decrease in the incidence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
  • A recent study found that over half of the women in North America receiving treatment for osteoporosis had an inadequate intake of vitamin D.8 New research indicates that vitamin D deficiencies are widespread among pregnant women and infants despite prenatal vitamin usage.
  • Vitamin D is also being researched for its role as an immune system regulator and modulator,10,11 for its role in reducing insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes,12,13 and for its role in healthy heart and lung function.

Sources and Recommended Intake

  • The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin D is 5 micrograms (200 IU) per day for children, and 5-15 micrograms (200-600 IU) per day for adults.16 These amounts can be obtained with 15-30 minutes of exposure to sunlight on the hands, arms, and face. The use of sunscreens interferes with vitamin D synthesis. Dark skin (i.e. having a high melanin content) requires longer exposure than lighter skin to achieve the same degree of vitamin D synthesis17. Furthermore, the capacity of skin to synthesize vitamin D decreases with age.
  • The only significant dietary source of vitamin D is fortified milk. Other sources include fish and fish liver oils.
  • Although the upper limit established by the Food and Nutrition Board is 2,000 IU (or 50 mcg), many prominent researchers view this a being too restrictive. Human clinical trial data published after the establishment of the UL support a significantly higher UL. Absence of toxicity in trials conducted in healthy adults support the level of 10,000 IU as a more reasonable UL.
  • Importantly, the benefits of vitamin D supplementation are achieved only if adequate calcium and phosphorus are provided in the diet.

Abstracts

Augier P and Gandini S. Vitamin D Supplementation and Total Mortality: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Intern Med 2007 Sep 10;167(16):1730-7. Ecological and observational studies suggest that low vitamin D status could be associated with higher mortality from life-threatening conditions including cancer,
cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus that account for 60% to 70% of total mortality in high-income countries. We examined the risk of dying from any cause in subjects who participated in randomized trials testing the impact of vitamin D supplementation (ergocalciferol [vitamin D(2)] or cholecalciferol [vitamin D(3)]) on any health
condition. METHODS: The literature up to November 2006 was searched without language restriction using the following databases: PubMed, ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. RESULTS: We identified 18 independent randomized controlled trials, including 57 311 participants. A total of 4777 deaths from any cause occurred during a trial size-adjusted mean of 5.7 years. Daily doses of vitamin D supplements varied from 300 to 2000 IU. The trial size-adjusted mean daily vitamin D dose was 528 IU. In 9 trials, there was a 1.4- to 5.2-fold difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D between the intervention and control groups. The summary relative risk for mortality from any cause was 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-0.99). There was neither indication for heterogeneity nor indication for publication biases. The summary relative risk did not change according to the addition of calcium supplements in the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Intake of ordinary doses of vitamin D supplements seems to be associated with decreases in total mortality rates. The relationship between baseline vitamin D status, dose of vitamin D supplements, and total mortality rates remains to be investigated. Population-based, placebo-controlled randomized trials with total mortality as the main end point should be organized for confirming these findings.

USANA VITAMINS

2008/2/8

USANA Sense Skin Care - Ingredient Glossary

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@ 03:13 PM (4 months, 26 days ago)
Home  ›  Products  ›  Sensé  ›  Ingredient Glossary

Ingredient Glossary

"Soon after starting to use Sensé, I could see a visible shift in the appearance of my skin."

Kathleen Rockney

Each ingredient in every Sensé™ product has been carefully selected for its ability to nourish, protect, and enhance the health of the skin. The unique blends are designed using only the highest quality, most effective constituents available.

Aleurites moluccana oil (Kukui nut)
This carrier oil, which is readily absorbed by the skin, is extracted from the Hawaiian kukui nut tree. Rich in vitamins and essential fatty acids, it helps to moisturize and revitalize the skin.

Allantoin
This soothing compound can help stimulate healthy, new-tissue growth and is obtained primarily from the leaves and roots of the comfrey plant.

Aloe barbadensis leaf juice (Aloe)
This aloe-leaf extract is rich in amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, and various mineral salts. Known for its moisture-binding effects, it is an excellent emollient that penetrates deeply to naturally balance the skin's pH.

Alpha-Hydroxy Acids (AHAs)
In the form of glycolic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid, these powerful ingredients are derived from various natural sources and have many benefits. They assist the exfoliation process, firm and moisturize, improve skin density and elasticity, and can help to mask fine to moderate wrinkles. Their small molecular size allows for deep penetration and can increase absorption of other topicals into the skin, including vitamins.

Anthemis nobilis extract (Chamomile)
A member of the daisy family known to have soothing and antioxidant properties, true-chamomile oil contains bisabolol as its principle component, and chamazulene, which produces its blue color.

Aretostaphylos uva ursi leaf extract (Bearberry)
A leaf extract with cleansing and skin-brightening properties.

Avena sativa kernel flour (Oat)
This fine powder helps exfoliate the skin as it absorbs excess surface oil. Also serves as an emollient and emulsifier.

Beeswax
A natural thickening agent and emulsifier with emollient properties.

Bisabolol
This active constituent is found in true (German) chamomile and also in a myrrh-type resin obtained from African trees. Known for its calming properties.

Butylene Glycol
A humectant: substance that promotes the retention of moisture.

Butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter)
These cold-pressed lipids, obtained from the fruit of the Karite tree, condition, smooth, and help protect the skin from moisture loss. Has excellent penetrating, re-hydrating, and moisture-binding properties.

Calendula officinalis flower extract (Marigold)
This flavonoid-rich flower extract has natural calming and purifying properties.

Camellia sinensis extract (Green Tea)
This leaf extract contains antioxidants to intercept free radicals and ward off signs of aging. It also has moisturizing and soothing properties.

Carbomer
Polymeric thickener, emulsifier, and suspending agent.

Centella asiatica extract (Gotu kola)
Contains saponins, madecassic acid, asiatic acid, and asiaticosides--beneficial antioxidants that tighten the skin and increase elasticity. It is also a calming agent.

Ceramide 3
Biotechnologically produced, skin-identical ceramides that have been found to reduce roughness, increase water content, and protect healthy skin against irritant-induced dermatitis.

Chondrus crispus (Carrageenan)
Irish moss extract with good emollient and hydrating properties. Serves as a skin softener.

Citrus aurantium dulcis peel extract (Orange peel)
Obtained from the pressing of orange peels, this aromatic essential oil has cleansing qualities that leave the skin refreshed.

Cyclomethicone
A silicone oil with good emollience. It has strong moisturization and humectant properties.

Decyl Glucoside
A cleanser made from corn-and vegetable-glycerin sugars that releases skin surface tension so impurities can easily be rinsed away.

Dicaprylyl Maleate
Derived from fatty acids. Contains an emollient agent and moisturizer to provide a smooth feel to the skin.

Diisopropyl Dimer Dilinoleate
A substantive skin-conditioning agent that is rich in essential fatty acids. Helps to provide long-lasting hydration to the skin.

Echinacea purpurea extract
A popular herb derived from the purple coneflower. Known for its firming and calming properties.

Ginkgo biloba extract
This Chinese herb has been valued for centuries for its restorative qualities. Helps to maintain youthful-looking skin.

Glucosamine HCL
A strong, marine-source derivative that is free of alpha-hydroxy acids. It is both a calming skin exfoliant and skin-renewal booster. It has powerful, clinically proven abilities to improve cell renewal. It also helps firm the skin both immediately and for the long term.

Glycerin
A vegetable-based, natural water-binding humectant that is non-irritating. Used in personal-care products as a softening agent, moisturizer, and emollient.

Glycine
This amino acid is an essential element in the production of DNA and collagen. A strong moisturizer and skin-conditioning agent, it aids synthesis of nucleic and other amino acids in the skin, a quality that helps stabilize vitamin C so it remains available to the epidermis. Helps control the skin's pH balance.

Glycine soja protein (Soybean)
Rich in specific isoflavones--powerful antioxidants and skin brighteners--and saponins, which cleanse and purify the skin. Contains phytosterols that are believed to improve collagen concentration while they counter the negative affects of surfactants.

Glycolic Acid
Found naturally in sugar cane and sugar beets, this highly effective AHA helps to slough dead skin cells. Reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Glycoproteins
Water-binding moisturizers that improve the skin's texture.

Glycyrrhiza glabra extract (Licorice)
This herb has been shown to be a soothing yet powerful antioxidant and natural skin brightener.

Kaolin
A pure, delicate, white-powdered clay that absorbs oil and water. Firms the skin by removing excess oil.

Lactic Acid
A naturally occurring AHA, found in milk and honey, that is an effective exfoliant with powerful moisturizing properties.

Laureth-7
An emulsifier.

Lavandula angustifolia extract (Lavender)
Contains many effective constituents to soothe and promote healthy skin.

Lotus corniculatus extract (Birdsfoot Treefoil)
The extract of this perennial yellow flower is a natural emollient and moisturizer. Can also soothe the skin.

Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate
A highly effective, water-soluble vitamin C derivative that has firming, brightening, and antioxidant properties.

Mangifera indica butter (Mango)
Mango seed butter is cold pressed from the seed of the mango tree. It is an excellent lubricator and skin moisturizer.

Melissa officinalis extract (Balm Mint)
Made from dried leaves and flowers, this extract contains essential oils know for their soothing, calming, and toning properties.

MMP Inhibitors
Reduce the activity of enzymes (MMPs) in the skin that break down the skin's extracellular matrix. They maintain a firm and elastic intercellular matrix to slow the signs of aging.

Morus alba extract (Mulberry bark)
A powerful skin brightener.

Neopentyl Glycol Dicaprylate/Dicaprate
Used as a lubricating emollient and thickening agent. It soothes and softens the skin.

Octyl Palmitate
An emollient.

Oryzanol
A derivative of rice-bran oil, it is an antioxidant and helps maintain the skin's pH balance.

Panax ginseng extract
A perennial herb containing saponins, polysaccharides, sterols, vitamins, and minerals that have a moisturizing and calming effect on the skin.

Panthenol & Pantothenic Acid
Panthenol is a pro-vitamin of the B complex, and is used as a humectant and calming agent. Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble form of vitamin B5. Both help eliminate patches of dry skin and help provide fullness to the skin through their water-binding properties. They can also accelerate cell reproduction in the deeper epidermal layers.

Papain
Collected from the green fruit of the papaya tree, this enzyme has the ability to digest dead tissue without affecting the surrounding live tissue. On the skin, it dissolves dead skin cells as it softens and brightens.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate
A self-emulsifying sugar extract that acts as a mild emollient and cleanser that leaves the skin soft.

Photosomes
Fast acting, light-activated enzymes that revitalize and rejuvenate the skin.

Plankton extract
Photolyase is an enzyme obtained from sea plankton and is known to protect the skin from the drying effects of exposure to the sun's rays. It also has calming properties and is considered a cell revitalizer that enhances the complexion.

Polyacrylamide
A polymeric thickener.

Polyclyceryl-4 Isostearate
A rich emollient.

Polysorbate 20
An emulsifier.

Proline
An amino acid that is known for its moisturizing properties, it also helps provide firmness and elasticity to the skin.

Prunus amygdalus dulcis (Sweet Almond Oil)
An excellent, naturally derived emollient that contains many essential fatty acids to soften dry skin.

Quillaja saponaria bark extract (Soapwort)
A mild, naturally foaming substance obtained from the dried inner bark of the tree that is rich in saponins, mild cleansing agents.

Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A)
A nourishing, non-irritating version of vitamin A that is shown to increase skin elasticity, thicken the epidermis, and normalize dry, parched skin.

Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract (Rosemary)
Obtained by steamed distillation of the flowering tops, this extract contains flavonoids, tannins, and other active compounds known for their purifying and toning effects. It is excellent for use in hair care.

Salicylic Acid
A lipid-soluble, beta-hydroxy acid with effective exfoliating properties. Good for acne-prone and sensitive skin.

Sodium PCA
A moisture-binding and moisture-balancing element absorbed quickly into the skin.

Squalane
Naturally derived from olive oil, this ingredient provides softness while replacing necessary oils and moisturizing the skin.

Stearyl Alcohol
A non-drying emollient and thickener that provides a protective barrier to the skin.

Sucrose Cocoate
A mild, high-foaming cleanser that is very gentle to the skin.

Symphytum officinale extract (Comfrey)
A root extract that is a calming emollient.

Tartaric Acid
Found in grapes and other fruits, this AHA is used as an exfoliating agent.

Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
A highly effective, lipid-soluble form of vitamin C known for its free-radical fighting properties. It helps reverse mild wrinkles and age spots.

Tocopherol & Tocopherol Acetate (Vitamin E)
Tocopherol is the scientific name for vitamin E. Tocopherol Acetate is a lipid-soluble version of vitamin E. Natural vitamin E is used as a powerful antioxidant, especially when combined with gamma oryzanol, to soothe and moisturize the skin.

Ultrasomes
Slow acting, non-light-activated enzymes that revitalize and rejuvenate the skin.

Vitis vinifera extract (Whole Grape Extract)
This flavonoid-rich, whole-grape extract contains proanthocyanidins from the grape skin, fruit, and seeds that provide powerful oxidative defense for the skin.

Xanthan Gum
A thickener and emulsifier.

Yeast Extract
Breaks down excessive oils and stimulates the skin's immune system cells to work harder.

USANA Sense Splash

USANA Sense - Exclusive Technologies

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@ 03:09 PM (4 months, 26 days ago)

Skin is the body's largest organ and it can absorb healthy and unhealthy substances that are applied to it. Sensé™ products focus primarily on the cellular health of the skin and use the newest technologies available to create products that are both effective and safe. All of Sensé's pharmaceutical-grade complexes are thoroughly tested by dermatologists, allergists, and ophthalmologists to ensure quality and safety. An independent, third-party laboratory then tests them again to demonstrate effectiveness. Along with added trace minerals that encourage healthy cells, Sensé products contain powerful ingredients that are clinically proven to nourish, revive, and refine the skin as they help defend against free radicals and oxidative stress. Experience the dramatic difference of exclusive technologies and superior nutrition in every Sensé product.

U.S. PATENTED, SELF-PRESERVING FORMULAS
Sensé has revolutionized the science of skin care with groundbreaking, self-preserving technology. For years, scientists have worked to find an alternative to parabens, the traditional preservative used in beauty and skin-care products. After nearly ten years of research, USANA found the answer in a unique, U.S. patented blend of botanicals, antioxidants, and active ingredients that keep every Sensé product fresh without the need for parabens. It truly is the next generation of skin and body care.

DERMAL SURFACE RENEWAL (DSR™) TECHNOLOGY
USANA's exclusive anti-aging complex, Dermal Surface Renewal (DSR), is now more powerful than ever because it works in two ways--to help reduce the appearance of existing signs of aging and to help prevent the appearance of new lines and wrinkles in the future. This extraordinary, marine-source formulation is free of alpha-hydroxy acids, yet effectively evens skin tone and retextures, refines, brightens, and firms the skin's surface.

The skin contains natural enzymes that break down the extracellular matrix--proteins that keep skin looking youthful--leading to lines and wrinkles. And, these enzymes, or MMPs, become more active as skin ages. DSR contains MMP inhibitors that reduce the activity of these enzymes to help slow the signs of aging. This scientific breakthrough increases cell turnover rate and maintains a firm and elastic intercellular matrix for visible results you will see right away. DSR is found in PERFECTING ESSENCE, NIGHT RENEWAL, SERUM INTENSIVE, and EYE NOURISHER.

REGENISOMES™
New Regenisomes supply enzymes that amplify the body's natural process of rejuvenating the skin after sun exposure. Photosomes, fast acting, light-activated enzymes, are found in DAYTIME PROTECTIVE EMULSION, and ultrasomes, the slower acting enzymes that work without light, are found in NIGHT RENEWAL and EYE NOURISHER, Regenisomes help speed cell renewal in sun-damaged skin to revitalize it from within.

PROFLAVANOL-T®
A powerful oxidative-defense complex that is rich with vital nutrients, Proflavanol-T provides optimal nutrition for hair and skin cells. Concentrated whole-grape extract, rice-derived gamma oryzanol, and green tea are powerful antioxidants that keep skin and hair strong, while vitamin E and tocopherols soothe and nourish to maintain the integrity of the skin's lipids. This breakthrough, topical-flavonoid complex is your first line of defense for beautiful, healthy hair and skin.

PROTEO-C™
The crucial role that vitamin C plays in cell health and collagen synthesis has been known for decades. Proteo-C is a revolutionary formulation of water-soluble and lipid-soluble forms of vitamin C that counteract the harsh effects of the environment on the hair and skin's appearance and provide essential antioxidants. Proline and glycine, highly effective amino acids that draw in moisture, diminish the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Smoother, brighter hair and skin can be yours with this powerful beauty therapy.

USANA Sense Splash

What Is a Vitamin? How Vitamins Work?

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@ 02:35 PM (4 months, 27 days ago)

What Is a Vitamin?

 

Vitamins are essentially substances made by plants with the help of sunlight or by lower forms of life such as bacteria; in a few case, vitamins can also be created by animals or the human body. They are always combinations of several chemical elements.

 

Most of our vitamins come from plants, and interestingly, the amount of a vitamin found in a given plant is always the same because the plant always makes just the right amount it needs to stay alive. For example, the average-size orange usually has about 85 mg of vitamin C. vitamins found in animal products, such as eggs, are by-products of the plants ingested by the animal or were created by bacteria.

 

Over the years, scientists have developed three criteria by which a substance can be defined as a vitamin. If one of the three criteria is not satisfied, the substance in question is not considered a vitamin in the strictest scientific sense:

 

  1. A vitamin is a nutrient required in small amounts for normal body function. With few exceptions, vitamins are not made in the body and must be supplied from an outside source. Even in those few circumstances where vitamins are made in the body, the process generally involves an important ingredient from outside the body, such as the bacteria normally found in our intestines. These bacteria are part of the normal flora that find their way into our body and reside within each of us.
  2. A vitamin must be an organic chemical; that is, every vitamin has at least one carbon atom in its molecular structure. This automatically excludes minerals and other non-carbon-containing substances.
  3. There is a specific set of symptoms or a specific disease associated with a deficiency of each vitamin, and it can be corrected by taking the appropriate amount of that vitamin.

It is unfortunate that advocates of vitamin treatments for illness have used the work vitamin improperly. Many of the proposed treatments involve doses of vitamins so far beyond the amounts required for normal nutrition that they are, in fact, no longer vitamins but drugs. Also, many treatments involve substances that do not meet the established criteria for vitamins: pseudo-vitamins. These include PABA, choline, inositol, and other substances that have been labeled vitamins to simply lend them public credibility.

 

Pressure from the United States Food and Drug Administration has forced the elimination of most pseudo-vitamins from multivitamin products. Despite the fact that these substances are either abundant in the food we eat or are not needed for daily function, they are still available for purchase in any health food store or vitamin center.

 

How Vitamins Work

 

Vitamins are chemical components in the complex machine that we call the human body. Each vitamin fits into a different part of the machine, and all of them are necessary for normal body function.

 

Chemists would call most vitamins cofactors (or catalysts). A cofactor is a substance that helps chemical reactions occur (usually more rapidly) but is not a primary ingredient in the reaction. A rough analogy is the oil in your car’s crankcase: Although it is an essential ingredient to your automobile engine, it is not a major ingredient in the chemical reaction that makes the engine work. The major ingredients are gasoline, oxygen, and electrical spark. The oil helps this chemical reaction reach maximum efficient by keeping all of the moving parts of your engine running as smoothly and friction free as possible.

 

Vitamins perform the same function in the body. For example:

 

  • Vitamin B1 (thiamin) is a cofactor in the series of chemical reactions that burn carbohydrates (sugars) in the body. Without thiamin, you would not be able to provide sufficient energy for body functions.
  • Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) serves as a cofactor in many chemical reactions involving the release of energy from body proteins. For this reason, your riboflavin needs are directly related to the amount of energy you use each day.
  • Folic acid serves as a cofactor in one of the chemical reactions that are basic to normal cell division I your body. Cell division is essential to many basic functions, including the replacement of worn-out body cells with new ones, providing new cells needed for growth and development, and healing wounds by making new cells.

 

USANA Vitamins

What is Pyridoxine (Vitamin-B6)?

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@ 10:38 AM (4 months, 27 days ago)
Vitamin B6 is an essential water-soluble B vitamin. It exists in plants and animals in several forms (termed vitamers) that are interchangeable and comparably active. The chemical form typically provided in vitamin supplements is pyridoxine hydrochloride (or pyridoxine HCl).
 
Like all true vitamins, B6 functions as a coenzyme, meaning that it works in tandem with one or more enzymes to catalyze metabolic reactions in cells. Vitamin B6, in fact, serves as a cofactor for over 100 enzymes in the human body, many of which are involved in amino acid metabolism. The types of enzymatic reactions that vitamin B6 is involved with include the transamination, decarboxylation, cleavage, racemization, and synthesis of amino acids.
 
Because these reactions are central to the function of all cells, vitamin B6 ultimately plays a central role in human metabolism and health. Primary processes mediated by vitamin B6 include the generation of glucose from glycogen, the synthesis of niacin (vitamin B3), lipid metabolism, nervous system function, hormone modulation, and immune function.
 
Vitamin B6 also affects nervous system function, largely through its role in the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, taurine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. It also appears to be involved in development of the myelin sheath.
 
Given its central role in amino acid metabolism, vitamin B6 is important in regulating homocysteine levels in blood, which in turn constitutes an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Folic acid and vitamin B12 are also involved in the regulation of homocysteine.
 
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), niacin, and zinc are required for vitamin B6 activation and metabolism.
 
The best food sources of vitamin B6 include whole grain cereals, poultry and other meat, nuts, and seeds. Fruits and vegetables are not generally good sources with the exception of potatoes, bananas, and avocados.
 
Unlike other water-soluble vitamins, a chronic intake (exceeding 200 mg/d) of vitamin B6 has been associated with adverse effects, including neurological toxicity.

USANA Vitamins

What is Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin-B12)?

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@ 07:47 AM (4 months, 27 days ago)
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble B vitamins essential for human health and well-being. Its chemistry - the most complex of all the vitamins - is unique in two respects. It is the only vitamin that contains a mineral component, and is one of the few essential substances in the body that contains the mineral cobalt. Vitamin B12 is frequently referred to as cyanocobalamin, but technically this is a misnomer. Cyanocobalamin is the principal pharmaceutical or supplemental form of vitamin B12 used because it is chemically stable. In the human body however, cyanocobalamin must be converted into one of two related cobalamin molecules before becoming metabolically active.
 
Vitamin B12 is a coenzyme, meaning that its function is closely associated with (and essential for) the activity of one or more enzymes. In the human body, vitamin B12 binds to an enzyme that is responsible for part of the cyclic metabolism of folic acid, another B-vitamin that in turn is required for amino acid metabolism, the synthesis of nucleic acids, red blood cell formation, and myelin synthesis and maintenance. A shortage of vitamin B12 results in an interruption of folic acid regeneration and the development of disorders associated with folic acid deficiency. As such, vitamin B12 deficiencies are often mistaken for folic acid deficiencies both in laboratory tests and in analysis of clinical symptoms.
 
Absorption of vitamin B12 is a multi-stage process, and defects in any one of the enzyme systems required for release, transport, and absorption of B12 can result in a deficiency. Deficiencies also result from inadequate B12 in the diet. Clinical symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include pernicious anemia, numbness and tingling in the hands and feet, poor balance, poor coordination, and a loss of mental acuity. Vitamin B12 deficiencies are often difficult to diagnose.

Vitamin B12, along with Folic Acid and Vitamin B6, play a role in the maintenance of homocysteine levels, an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease.

All vitamin B12 found in nature is made by microorganisms. Therefore, the usual dietary sources include meat and meat products, and to a lesser extent milk and milk products. Strict vegetarians (including vegans) can develop a deficiency since they receive no vitamin B12 from their diet unless their food is contaminated by microorganisms. Vitamin supplementation is the only sure way for vegans to get sufficient vitamin B12.
 
This vitamin has no observable adverse effects at any level of recorded use.
 
 

USANA Vitamins

What is Thiamin (Vitamin-B1)?

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@ 07:46 AM (4 months, 27 days ago)

Vitamin-B1, also called thiamin or thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin required for normal energy metabolism and cell division. Like all true vitamins, thiamin is a coenzyme, meaning that it works in tandem with one or more enzymes to catalyze metabolic reactions. Vitamin B1 (in its thiamin pyrophosphate form) is a coenzyme for four enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. As such, it plays a central role in the production of energy from sugars, starch, and other fuels. Thiamin is also involved in the production of five-carbon sugars required for synthesis of DNA and RNA, and plays a role in fatty acid synthesis.
Thiamin deficiencies can be caused by chronic alcoholism and limited diets, particularly those that depend on polished rice as a staple food. Recent research indicates that thiamin deficiency is also prominent in pregnancy, warranting increased thiamin supplementation for women who are or are expecting to become pregnant.

Grain products are the most important dietary sources of thiamin. Meat products, especially pork, can also contribute significant dietary thiamin.

In humans, even very high oral doses of thiamin have been found to have no toxic effects, except for possible gastric upset.

USANA Vitamins

2008/2/7

What is Folic Acid (Vitamin-B9)?

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@ 07:48 AM (4 months, 28 days ago)

Folic acid is a water-soluble B vitamin that plays a central role as a coenzyme in regulating cellular metabolism and cell division.
Folic acid helps form building blocks of DNA, the body's genetic information, and building blocks of RNA needed for protein synthesis in all cells. This means that rapidly growing tissues - such as those of a fetus - and rapidly regenerating cells - like red blood cells and immune cells - have a high need for folic acid.

The requirement for folic acid increases during pregnancy. Deficiencies of folic acid during pregnancy are associated with low birth weight and an increased incidence of neural tube defects, such as anencephaly and spina bifida. In one study, women who were at high risk of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects were able to lower their risk by as much as 72% by taking folic acid supplements prior to and during pregnancy. Medical experts, other healthcare professionals, and the March of Dimes recommend that all women of childbearing age supplement with 400 mcg per day of folic acid. Such supplementation would protect against the formation of neural tube defects during the time between conception and when pregnancy is discovered. If a woman waits until after pregnancy to begin taking folic acid supplements, it may be too late to prevent a neural tube defect.

Folic acid deficiency has also been associated with high homocysteine levels and an increased risk for stroke, heart disease, and cognitive diseases like Alzheimer's disease. Epidemiological studies have shown a strong correlation between folic acid deficiency and risk for certain cancers. A folic acid deficiency may also result in a form of anemia (which can be swiftly remedied with supplementation).

It is difficult to accurately estimate how much folic acid is present in food. The best food sources are vegetables (asparagus, broccoli, brussels sprouts, legumes), nuts, and seeds.

*It is important to remember that even the best food choices generally will not supply all the folic acid you need. Folic acid from dietary supplements and food fortification (synthetic form) is preferentially absorbed and utilized over natural food folates that must go through several conversion processes to be utilized as folic acid. To reach required daily intakes, it is important to take a multivitamin containing a minimum of 0.4 mg of folic acid daily.

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USANA Vitamins

2008/2/6

USANA Nutrients - What is Biotin?

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@ 01:17 PM (4 months, 29 days ago)

What is Biotin?

Biotin (also known as vitamin H or vitamin B7) is a water-soluble sulfur-containing member of the B vitamin family. Biotin plays an essential role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis by acting as a cofactor with enzymes involved in carboxylation reactions. These enzymes catalyze key reactions in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid catabolism.
Biotin is found in numerous foods and is also synthesized by intestinal bacteria. This makes deficiencies rare and generally seen only after prolonged antibiotic therapies that deplete the beneficial intestinal bacteria, or following excessive consumption of raw egg whites.

There have been no reports of toxic reactions related to biotin, even in people taking doses up to 200 mg orally and 20 mg intravenously.
 
Foods relatively rich in biotin include egg yolk, liver, and some vegetables.

What are Tocotrienols?

Tocotrienols are structurally and functionally similar to vitamin E and other tocopherols. Like tocopherols, several forms of tocotrienols are known (alpha-, beta-, delta-, and gamma-tocotrienols). Tocotrienols have much less vitamin activity than tocopherols, but are generally better antioxidants in-vitro. For example, alpha-tocotrienol is 6.5-60 times more effective than alpha-tocopherol as an antioxidant. Due to their excellent function in cardiovascular health, tocotrienols serve as effective supplements in over-the-counter (OTC) health products.
Similar to vitamin E, tocotrienols also protect against lipid peroxidation (the damaging of fats by oxidation).

The primary sources of tocotrienols in the diet are vegetable oils, including palm and rice bran oil.

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USANA Nutrients - What is Beta-Carotene?

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@ 01:15 PM (4 months, 29 days ago)

Carotenoids comprise a diverse class of antioxidant molecules that help protect the body from oxidative damage. Approximately 700 natural carotenoids have been isolated and characterized. Most are derived from plants, where they serve multiple functions: photosynthetic pigments, photoprotectants, and free radical scavengers. Some 50-60 carotenoids are present in a typical diet, with the major sources being fruits and vegetables.
 
Beta-carotene is the best known of the carotenoids because: (1) it is one of the most abundant in a typical adult diet, and (2) it provides a dual nutritional function. In addition to its role as an antioxidant, the body converts beta-carotene into vitamin A.
 
Other members of the antioxidant carotenoid family include cryptoxanthin, alpha-carotene, zeaxanthin, lutein, and lycopene. However, unlike beta-carotene, most of these nutrients are not converted to vitamin A in significant amounts.
Beta carotene's role as an antioxidant is based on its extensive system of conjugated double bonds which, upon reacting with an oxygen atom, absorb and diffuse that oxygen's potentially destructive energy. The oxygen atom returns to a lower energy state, and beta carotene dissipates the absorbed energy harmlessly (as heat). Similar mechanisms are involved in quenching the oxidative potential of hydroxyl radicals and other free radical compounds.

As provitamin A, beta carotene contributes to an entirely different set of functions by supplying a portion of the body's requirement for retinol (vitamin A). In fact, a single molecule of beta-carotene can be cleaved in the body to produce two molecules of vitamin A. Other carotenoids (including alpha carotene, gamma carotene, and cryptoxanthin) provide provitamin A activity, but yield only one molecule of vitamin A when metabolized.

Retinol (vitamin A) is an essential nutrient associated with three important functions, the best-defined of which involves human vision. Retinol is a functional constituent of rhodopsin, a protein located in the retina of the eye that absorbs light and triggers a series of biochemical reactions that ultimately initiate nerve impulses, resulting in sight.

Secondly, Vitamin A is involved in the activation of gene expression and, subsequently, the control of cell differentiation. It is through this function that vitamin A affects immune function, taste, hearing, appetite, skin renewal, bone development, and growth.

Vitamin A's third role involves control of embryonic development. Here it is thought that retinoic acid modulates the expression of certain genes that govern patterns of sequential development of various tissues and organs in the body.

Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health issue, particularly in developing countries. It has been estimated that 500,000 preschool-age children worldwide become blind each year as a result of vitamin A deficiency. Millions of others suffer from night blindness, a common clinical sign of inadequate vitamin A intake. Further estimates suggest that more than 100 million children worldwide suffer from vitamin A inadequacy without showing clinical signs of acute deficiency. Beta-carotene is known to be an effective dietary cure for vitamin A deficiency and an effective remedy for symptoms of this disorder.

Epidemiological studies support long-term beneficial effects of beta-carotene intake on a number of degenerative diseases. For example, the relationship between beta-carotene intake and cancer has received considerable attention in recent years. Epidemiological evidence suggests that long-term intake of dietary beta-carotene may reduce the risk of several types of cancer. Similar findings pertain to heart disease and immune health.

Dietary sources rich in beta carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids include carrots, broccoli, and dark green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale and Chinese cabbage, yellow squash, corn, tomatoes, papayas, and oranges. Beta-carotene is heat stable, so it is not degraded during prolonged boiling or microwaving.

Although ingestion of too much preformed vitamin A (retinol) can be toxic, excessive intake of beta-carotene is not known to induce vitamin A toxicity. Negative feedback mechanisms in the body prevent the over-conversion of beta-carotene to retinol. However, high levels of beta-carotene in the diet can induce hypercarotenosis, a benign condition characterized by a jaundice-like yellowing of the skin. Symptoms are reversed when dietary intake is reduced.

USANA Vitamins

2008/2/5

I ate a supersize fast-food meal

@ 03:12 PM (4 months, 29 days ago)

"I ate a supersize fast-food meal"

Hitting the drive-through at Burger King once isn't such a big deal — the problem is that if you do it one time, you're much more likely to swing by again. And that's when the pounds really start to pile on. A 15-year study led by researchers at the University of Minnesota showed that people who ate fast food more than twice a week gained 10 more pounds than participants who had it less than once a week. There were also health ramifications: The drive-through frequenters had a higher risk of diabetes.

Fast Fix

Savor your indulgence. "Splurges do happen," says Dr. Harlan. "For some of us, it's fast food; for others, it's a big chocolate bar." The trick is to focus on each and every bite — this is a treat, one you won't be having tomorrow, so take the time to really enjoy it.

Next Time

Order low-cal. If you must hit the drive-through, choose foods that won't do major diet damage. At Burger King, for example, choose the Whopper Jr. (290 calories with no mayo) instead of the regular Whopper (670 calories). And always skip the fries: A small bag at McDonald's clocks in at 250 calories, about half of which is fat. Instead, order the side salad (20 calories) with a packet of Newman's Own Low Fat Balsamic Vinaigrette (40 calories). For more good eats at fast-food joints, check out Dr. Harlan's Website, drgourmet.com.

Don't skip supper to compensate. That kind of starvation strategy always backfires, warns Fernstrom. "The day after your severe restriction, you'll be eating everything, including the paint off the walls."

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I drank too much last night

@ 03:10 PM (4 months, 29 days ago)

"I drank too much last night"

Most of us don't dance on the table after a few Long Island Iced Teas — we eat everything on it. Why? The body doesn't register liquid calories, so even if you drink 500 of them, you'll still crave food. When Pennsylvania State University researchers gave people a caloric drink (such as fruit juice, sweetened soda, or even milk) with a meal, the participants didn't consume any less food when they sat down to eat. And neither did you — so now you have all the alcohol calories to burn off, as well as a huge dinner.

Fast Fix

Get some exercise. Taking a walk or a bike ride will shift your mind-set from I am a colossal boob to I'm back in the game! A reminder from Dr. Wyatt: "You haven't failed unless you continue the counterproductive behavior."

Next Time

"Never drink on an empty stomach," says Timothy Harlan, M.D., a chef-turned-physician who also appears on the Food Network's Cooking Thin. At parties, grab a handful of nuts (they're satisfying and healthy) before you pick up a wineglass. If you're out to dinner, try to "sip your wine slowly until the salad is served," Dr. Harlan adds. (And no, this is not an excuse to hit the bread basket ... wait for something healthier to arrive.)

Pace yourself. "In calories, one Long Island Iced Tea is the equivalent of 26 fat-fried onion rings," says Elizabeth Somer, R.D., author of 10 Habits That Mess Up a Woman's Diet. So make sure you drink water or seltzer — both zero calories — in between alcoholic drinks. Some numbers to keep in mind while you sip: A 5-ounce glass of wine is around 125 calories; a 12-ounce beer is about 105 calories. A 1.5-ounce shot of alcohol (for, say, Scotch or vodka on the rocks) is about 95 calories. A 3-ounce margarita, about 170 calories. A 2.5-ounce martini, 175 calories.

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USANA Vitamins

I skipped breakfast

@ 03:08 PM (4 months, 29 days ago)

I skipped breakfast

Maybe you were in a hurry. Maybe you thought you could cut some calories. But now it's 11 a.m., and you haven't eaten anything for 15 hours straight. You're so famished, you can't decide whether to buy a bear claw at the bakery, steal candy from your coworker's stash, or wait until lunch so you can pig out at your favorite Chinese restaurant. "Breakfast is a must," says Dr. Wyatt. "Otherwise, you'll end up wanting to eat everything you see." A survey from NWCR, which tracks more than 5,000 people who have kept off at least 30 pounds for a year or longer, found that 78 percent of participants have a meal every single morning.

Fast Fix

Eat something, but resist the junk food. You'll stay fuller longer if you have fruit, low-fat yogurt, or string cheese. An energy bar will also do the trick. But make sure you find one that has staying power — that means at least 3 grams of fiber, 8 grams of protein, and less than 250 calories. Two of our favorites: Clif's Mojo Fruit Nut Crunch Bar and PowerBar Nut Naturals.

Next Time

Make breakfast simple. To guarantee you never skip this meal again, keep a week's worth of easy eats in the house. A few good picks (which you can also stash at the office for midday munchies): single-serve instant oatmeal (McCann's Instant Irish Oatmeal has three sugar-free varieties — apple and cinnamon, maple and brown sugar, and cinnamon roll); low-fat granola, which you can mix with plain yogurt; and single-serving cans of light fruit (like Del Monte's no-sugar-added pear chunks, only 40 calories). But beware of so-called breakfast bars, which are often packed with sugar. Make sure you read the labels carefully before you buy.

Eat every four hours during the day. That's about how much time it takes for hunger to return after a meal, says Madelyn Fernstrom, Ph.D., director of the Weight Management Center at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. You'll do far less damage if you have a small snack mid-morning and in the afternoon than if you try to assuage your gnawing hunger at mealtimes, when the plates, portions, and your appetite are all bigger.

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USANA General Questions

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@ 09:11 AM (5 months, 5 hours ago)

Do USANA products contain artificial colorants or flavorings?

All foods - whether picked from your garden or your supermarket shelf - are made up of chemicals. For example, the vitamin C or ascorbic acid found in an orange is identical to that produced in a laboratory. Indeed, all things in the world consist of the chemical building blocks of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and other elements. These elements are combined in various ways to produce starches, proteins, fats, water, and all vitamins found in food.
 
Some additives are manufactured from natural sources; soybeans and corn, for example, provide lecithin to maintain product consistency, whereas beets provide a powder that can be used as food coloring.
 
Other useful additives are not found in nature and must be man-made. Artificial additives can generally be produced more economically, with greater purity and more consistent quality than some of their natural counterparts.
 
Whether an additive is natural or artificial has no bearing on its safety.
 
USANA products do not contain artificial colors. However, the Wild Strawberry and Dutch Chocolate Nutrimeals contain some flavoring ingredients that are considered "artificial." These flavorings are used to support the natural flavors in providing a stable and consistent flavor profile.
 
Food colorings, flavorings, and other additives are strictly regulated by the FDA. As such, these additives must have thoroughly researched safety profiles before they are allowed to be included in food and food products. In addition, ongoing safety is monitored through the Adverse Reaction Monitoring System (ARMS). This system monitors and investigates all complaints that are believed to be related to specific foods, food and color additives, or vitamin and mineral supplements. This computerized database helps officials decide whether reported adverse reactions represent a real public health hazard associated with food, so that appropriate action can be taken.
 
Given the structural identity between natural and artificial flavors, one might wonder why so many people purchase naturally flavored products exclusively while avoiding artificially flavored ones with zeal. Generally, it is due to education. When you look at the structure, it is exactly the same; the flavors taste exactly the same. But the word "synthetic," to some consumers, means dangerous or inferior.
 
The bottom line is this: simply stating that a flavoring is all-natural or artificial does not make it good or bad, right or wrong, safe or dangerous. Other factors (such as the quality of the ingredients, form and purpose of the product, stability and consistency) have more bearing on the choice of ingredients. All of the ingredients USANA uses, whether naturally derived or synthetic, are completely safe when used properly, and all ingredients have extensive safety profiles.
 
It is unfortunate that there is so much misinformation regarding these topics as it only serves to confuse and complicate the real issues.
 
USANA manufactures well-researched, top-quality products, with safety as our first priority. We will not compromise safety and quality to play marketing games that confuse and distort the real issues at hand. Our products are based on real science and supportable evidence, not on media trends and scare-mongering.

Why don't any USANA products contain significant amounts of phosphorus?

Phosphorous is easily supplied in adequate amounts in a typical diet. Phosphorous is necessary for optimal bone health, but its intake must be balanced with dietary calcium. Too much phosphorous can impair calcium absorption and negatively affect bone health. National Health Surveys (NHANES) have consistently shown Americans to be adequate in phosphorous across all age groups. Some age groups average almost twice the recommended amount. Since calcium intake in Americans is generally not adequate, adding more phosphorous to the products would simply create even more of an imbalance than exists already.
 
Individuals who are concerned about their phosphorous intake should consult a dietitian or physician about whether it is necessary to add additional phosphorous sources to their diet.

Why don't any USANA products contain significant amounts of potassium?

Because most people consume an adequate amount of potassium every day, the average American is not in need of supplemental potassium. The richest dietary sources of potassium are unprocessed foods, especially fruits, many vegetables, and fresh meats. However, some potassium can be found in nearly all foods (including the USANA Macro-Optimizers). Adding potassium to the tablets or capsules would simply displace other important nutrients that are more difficult to obtain from a typical diet.
 
Some individuals taking certain medications may require additional potassium. In those cases, they should consult their physician regarding recommendations on products and proper dosages.

Do the USANA Nutritionals contain salicylates?

USANA do not carry any products containing significant quantities of salycilates, nor do we add any salicylates to our nutritionals. Any salicylate amounts potentially occurring in the tablets would be incidental and inconsequential.
 
(Incidental amounts in the tablets would be hundreds or even thousands of times smaller than normal dietary amounts from fruits, veggies, and berries.)

Do USANA products contain digestive enzymes?

USANA's products do not contain digestive enzymes, and unless you have been diagnosed with a specific digestion problem, it is unlikely that taking digestive enzymes will do much for you.
 
Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate (or speed) of chemical reactions. The enzymes used by the human body to digest food are produced in the salivary glands, tongue, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. These enzymes are built from dietary building blocks in the body.
 
Within foods, different enzymes perform tasks like helping fruit ripen, mature, etc. These are not the same enzymes your body uses to digest food (an unfortunately persistent myth).
 
If you really are in need of digestive enzymes, we suggest that you ask a doctor or pharmacist for a recommendation on a brand and dosage.

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USANA Vitamins

2008/2/4

USANA Usanimals

Tags:
@ 01:56 PM (5 months, 1 day ago)

What are the Usanimals?

With children's active lifestyles and growing bodies, it's crucial for them to receive adequate vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Usanimals provide a full array of these nutrients in amounts designed specifically for children aged 13 months to 12 years. Usanimals include large doses of vitamins C and E, as well as an antioxidant phytonutrient blend of blackberry, cranberry, raspberry, and wild blueberry fruit powders.
 
Usanimals are available in a natural Wild Berry Blend flavor, and they contain no artificial flavors or colors.
 
What is used to sweeten the Usanimals tablets?

They are sweetened with fructose, honey powder, and xylitol.

My children do not like the taste of the Usanimals. How can I get them to take it?

The Usanimals were designed to be an optimal nutritional supplement for children. While developing the Usanimals formula, our scientists conducted extensive taste-testing panels to develop the best flavor profile possible.
 
Unfortunately, it is just not possible to make a vitamin/mineral supplement that every child will like. Some children are more sensitive to taste than others. In addition, Usanimals provides additional nutrients not generally found in common store brand children's vitamin supplements. Because of the advanced levels of vitamins and minerals contained in Usanimals, there will always be a certain amount of vitamin/mineral aftertaste, as some of the vitamins and most of the minerals have a taste that is very difficult to mask.
 
When it comes to getting children to actually ingest the tablets, there are some potentially simple solutions. We suggest that you give your child a glass of juice, or eat almost any food (applesauce, yogurt, oatmeal, crackers or some other snack) right after chewing a Usanimals tablet. This will immediately erase any unpleasant aftertaste and ensure that your child has a great experience with Usanimals. Or, you can simply crush the tablet and add it to foods such as applesauce, yogurt or a fruit smoothie.
 
In addition, please encourage your child(ren) to take Usanimals with a complete meal, to better enhance the bioavailability of the nutrients.

Usanimals™

With children's lifestyles and growing bodies, it's crucial for them to receive adequate vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Usanimals provide a full array of these nutrients in amounts designed specifically for children. Usanimals include large doses of vitamins C and E, two of the most powerful antioxidants needed by kids today. Usanimals also contain an antioxidant phytonutrient blend of blackberry, cranberry, raspberry, and wild blueberry fruit powders. Your children will love the natural Wild Berry Blend flavor and animal shapes that are small and easy to eat. Adults love Usanimals because USANA uses only natural flavors and sweeteners.

Download the Usanimals coloring pages:

* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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USANA Vitamins

What is TenX Antioxidant Blast?

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@ 08:12 AM (5 months, 1 day ago)

What is TenX Antioxidant Blast?

TenX Antioxidant Blast is a dietary supplement bar comprised of apple, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry concentrates, along with USANA's unique bioflavonoid complex (including quercetin, rutin, and grape seed, green tea, and cinnamon extracts) and the patented Olivol olive-fruit extract. In addition, each TenX Blast has no saturated fat, trans fat, or cholesterol, as well as being free from artificial flavors, added colors, and preservatives.
 
TenX is an excellent source of vitamin C and a good source of fiber. It is also low-glycemic (GI score 31).

Will taking TenX Antioxidant Blast in addition to the Essentials or HealthPak 100 provide me with too many antioxidants?

Although it is certainly possible to get too much of any one nutrient, there is no known upper limit for antioxidants in general. If both the TenX bar and the Essentials are taken as directed, there are no ingredient amounts capable of reaching toxic or excessive levels.

Is it safe to take TenX Antioxidant Blast with my current medications?

Your best resource for this type of question is your pharmacist, physician, or other health care professional. These professionals have the training and expertise to help you make an informed decision.
 
We further recommend that, as a basis for such discussions, you always provide a copy of the label of the USANA product in question.

Is TenX Antioxidant Blast organic?

No, the TenX supplement is not organic. However, the manufacturer tests each batch to ensure that it meets US and Canadian standards for pesticide residues, and USANA tests each batch to further ensure that any residues are well below established safe limits.

What are the natural flavors in the TenX Antioxidant Blast supplement?

The natural flavors are a mix of natural berry and fruit flavors.

How should TenX Antioxidant Blast be stored?

The TenX bars contain fruit puree and concentrates. While it is labeled for storage at room temperature (~20 degrees Celsius), refrigeration will prolong freshness.

Does TenX Antioxidant Blast contain common allergens?

TenX does not contain wheat, soy, dairy, nuts, fish, gluten, yeast, or eggs.

How many TenX Antioxidant Blast bars should be taken per day?

We recommend eating one bar per day, as stated on the label.
 
Remember: TenX is an antioxidant supplement, not a food.

What are the ingredients in the TenX Antioxidant Blast?

Ingredients: Apple Puree Concentrate, Natural Flavor, Blueberry Concentrate, Strawberry Concentrate, Raspberry Concentrate, Lemon Juice Conce